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  1. #1
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    Offline
      Rise Company
    Engineering and Technology
    Apr 2014
    Egypt
    4,611
    10

    Cpanel | Error: Failed to lock and read from file /passwd


    Error: Failed to lock and read from file /passwd
    Failed to chown /home/****/etc/****/passwd to group mail:
    Error: Failed to lock and read from file /passwd: Permission denied
    Operation not permitted at /usr/local/cpanel/Cpanel/Email/Perms/User.pm
    Could not open /home/yoursite/etc/yoursite.com/passwd as yoursite: Permission denied
    How to fix Error You do not have permission to access - quota does not exist; skipping
    Error: Failed to lock and read from file - following error: Permission denied
    [uapi] Quota file does not exist; skipping - The system failed to lock the file
    Script to Fix Account Permissions - can't create any emails of any of my clients
    Failed to chown passwd to group mail
    /etc/passwd file corrupted



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    Error: Failed to lock and read from file ****/passwd: Permission denied. (XID 6tr2bu) The system failed to lock the file ******/passwd (as EUID: 1112, EGID: 1114 1114) because of the following error: Permission denied





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    repair Repair Mailbox Permissions Rebuild Mail Databases and Fix Permissions
    Failed to chown



    Failed to chown /home/clientsite/etc/clientsite.com/passwd to group mail: Operation not permitted at /usr/local/cpanel/Cpanel/Email/Perms/User.pm line 308





    Could not open /home/yoursite/etc/yoursite.com/passwd as yoursite: Permission denied

    rename .bk



    100 %








    https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unders...d-file-format/

    /etc/passwd file no need to worries as its not having password, the /etc/passwd file
    having user name uid,gid and home dir information, the password is stored in the /etc/shadow and its in encrypted format


    passwd file information

    shadow .

    :
    passwd file

    :
    100 %
    !!!
    .


    Cpanel | Domain USER Home Directory

    :
    https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unders...d-file-format/
    https://security.stackexchange.com/q...osting-account
    https://docs.cpanel.net/knowledge-ba...eation-errors/
    https://docs.cpanel.net/knowledge-ba...est-practices/
    https://www.quora.com/Can-my-hosting...Panel-password
    https://linuxize.com/post/etc-passwd-file/

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    Rise Company for Engineering & Technology
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    # 1 Business Services

    Web Hosting - Business Emails

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  2. #2
    Status
    Offline
      Rise Company
    Engineering and Technology
    Apr 2014
    Egypt
    4,611
    10

    : Cpanel | Error: Failed to lock and read from file /passwd

    Understanding /etc/passwd File Format



    Can you explain /etc/passwd file format for Linux and Unix-like operating systems?

    The /etc/passwd file stores essential information required during login. In other words, it stores user account information. The /etc/passwd is a plain text file. It contains a list of the systems accounts, giving for each account some useful information like user ID, group ID, home directory, shell, and more. The /etc/passwd file should have general read permission as many command utilities use it to map user IDs to user names. However, write access to the /etc/passwd must only limit for the superuser/root account.

    Tutorial details
    Difficulty level Easy
    Root privileges No
    Requirements Linux terminal
    OS compatibility *BSD Linux Unix WSL
    Est. reading time 4 minutes


    Understanding /etc/passwd file fields


    The /etc/passwd contains one entry per line for each user (user account) of the system. All fields are separated by a colon (:) symbol. Total of seven fields as follows. Generally, /etc/passwd file entry looks as follows:


    (Fig.01: /etc/passwd file format click to enlarge) /etc/passwd file format

    From the above image:

    1. Username: It is used when user logs in. It should be between 1 and 32 characters in length.

    2. Password: An x character indicates that encrypted password is stored in /etc/shadow file. Please note that you need to use the passwd command to computes the hash of a password typed at the CLI or to store/update the hash of the password in /etc/shadow file.
    3. User ID (UID): Each user must be assigned a user ID (UID). UID 0 (zero) is reserved for root and UIDs 1-99 are reserved for other predefined accounts. Further UID 100-999 are reserved by system for administrative and system accounts/groups.
    4. Group ID (GID): The primary group ID (stored in /etc/group file)
    5. User ID Info (GECOS): The comment field. It allow you to add extra information about the users such as users full name, phone number etc. This field use by finger command.
    6. Home directory: The absolute path to the directory the user will be in when they log in. If this directory does not exists then users directory becomes /
    7. Command/shell: The absolute path of a command or shell (/bin/bash). Typically, this is a shell. Please note that it does not have to be a shell. For example, sysadmin can use the nologin shell, which acts as a replacement shell for the user accounts. If shell set to /sbin/nologin and the user tries to log in to the Linux system directly, the /sbin/nologin shell closes the connection.

    I hope you understood /etc/passwd file format to keep track of every registered user that has access to a system. Therefore, knowing the structure is essential for security reasons.
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    Rise Company for Engineering & Technology
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    Web Hosting - Business Emails

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