, , , , , . (, , ) (, ), ( ), , , , ( ), , , .



( ) , ( , -, ), ( ), ( 30000 ), ( 1965), ( ), ( ), ( 500000 ).





1964 , . . Palm PC, , (WAP).




:

- : . , , .

- : , , . , .

- : . , , ((Human Development. .





( ) . .





80% .

, , , (GPS). , , . . . .



.


.

, .





(3200 ), (500 ), ( 2000 ). . . . . .





ArcGIS ERDAS.




DBMS Access/Oracle ((ID. , ( ), (,, ), . .



, , , , , . , , .





, , " ". , , , , , , .

. . .

.





, . ( ), (, , ), ( , , ), , . , , . (, , , , , , , ) .
. . 1- 2- 3- 4- ( ) 5-